A HAND-DRAWN MAP OF THE ROUTE FROM BOHAI BAY TO YUANMINGYUAN.

Dated 1860.

Titled EXPEDITION de CHINE, illustrating the topography of Bohai Bay and a planned route to the Summer Palace along the Bai He river, with an enlarged map of Bai He and Luan He river estuaries and an area marked as Point de débarquement, together with three ink studies by G.M.Chesny, the first of Tientsin (today Tianjin) dated 1895, the second of crowds at the Tianjin docks and the third described Troupes Revolutionaries, each signed G.M.Chesny, together with a copy of L'Univers Illustré magazine from July 7th 1900, featuring an article titled Les Lettres En Chine with illustrations by the artist, 22 x 16.5cm - 49 x 31.5cm. (5)

一八六零 手繪渤海灣至圓明園地圖

The map comes from the period of intense Anglo-French military operations in China known as the Second Opium War. The conflict lasted from 1856 - 1860 and resulted in the defeat of the Qing dynasty. The foreign powers enforced a number of humiliating conditions such as the 1858 Treaty of Tianjin, and infamously looted and demolished the Imperial Summer Palace, Yuanming Yuan.